Cluj Napoca - Romania

           Cluj Napoca is a well-known city in Romania for its history. During the World War II, Cluj was occupied by Austro-Ungarian Empire. This occupation was a benefit for romanians because, the western life was more developed and modern that the Eastern Europe and they shaped the city in Western style.
The first written mention of its name – as a Royal Borough – was in 1213 under the Latin name Castrum Clus. Despite the fact that Clus as a county name was recorded in the 1173 document Thomas comes Clusiensis, it is believed that the county's designation derives from the name of the castrum, which might have existed prior to its first mention in 1213, and not vice versa. With respect to the name of this camp, it is widely accepted as a derivation from the Latin term clausa – clusa, meaning "closed place", "strait", "ravine". Similar senses are attributed to the Slavic term kluč and the German Klause – Kluse (meaning mountain pass or weir).

           An alternative hypothesis relates the name of the city to its first magistrate, Miklus – Miklós / Kolos.
The Hungarian form, first recorded in 1246 as Kulusuar, underwent various phonetic changes over the years (uar/vár means "castle" in Hungarian); the variant Koloswar first appears in a document from 1332. Its Saxon name Clusenburg/Clusenbvrg appeared in 1348, but from 1408 the form Clausenburg was used. The Romanian name of the city used to be spelled alternately as Cluj or Cluş, the latter being the case in Mihai Eminescu's Poesis. However, the city's name was finally changed to Cluj-Napoca  in 1974 by the Romanian Communist authorities.